You can create a file to exclude all the patterns you need
# cat x.txt
/proc/*
/dev/*
/run/*
/tmp/*
/sys/*
/mnt/*lol
/media/*
/lost+found
/var/lib/origin/
/gbt/
/registry/
*log
Then just rsync
# rsync -rtva –progress / 10.156.197.10:/a/ –exclude-from x.txt